Carshalton House stands in wooded grounds at the west end of the old village. It was the property of Dr. Radcliffe, physician and M. It was confiscated after the South Sea catastrophe in , although Fellowes still continued to reside in Carshalton. It subsequently came into the possession of Lord Chancellor Hardwick, fn.
Bath and Dr. Barrett, who added a wing containing a dormitory. They built further additions to the west of the old building, and now carry on the educational work of the convent of St. Philomena, the name by which the house is known.
In spite of its many different occupants the house itself has been little disturbed and stands to-day in practically the same condition as when erected.
The main house, which is rectangular in plan, is three stories high, and stands on a basement and faces the south, while against its west wall was a conservatory. It is built of stock bricks with gauged brick dressings, and has at the level of the top floor an elaborate wooden cornice.
The house is symmetrically designed both in plan and elevation, and had its principal entrance in the centre of the south front and another on the east. The principal entrance opened into a large panelled hall—now used as the library—having some good carving over the doors in the respective north ends of the east and west walls. From the north-east corner a smaller hall is entered, which opens into the garden on the east. This room is also panelled in oak, and the doorway has Ionic columns supporting an entablature with a triangular pediment over, while in the north wall is a marble fireplace, surmounted by a large oak panel carved on either side with fruit and foliage.
Above the panel is a shield carved with the arms of Fellowes quarterly : 1 and 4 a fesse dancetty between three lions' heads razed and murally crowned, and 2 and 3 two dolphins face to face, with the badge of Ulster; above the shield is a mantled helm with the crest, a lion's head murally crowned. The oak cornice running round this room is enriched with delicate carving, as are also the door architraves, and the plaster ceiling is of a beautiful French design.
The room in the north-east corner is panelled with woodwork covered with paintings of diverse subjects. To the south-west of the library is a most elaborately ornamented room, with an Ionic arcading round its walls having an entablature with a carved frieze.
Behind is another hall, off which opens the conservatory. The hall has a plaster vaulting carried on columns of the Ionic order, while the floor is of black and white marble.
The main staircase opens off the hall, and is a fine piece of woodwork, being of oak with a moulded handrail and carved balusters, supported on carved spandrel brackets. The conservatory, now forming the principal entrance, has on its south front a colonnade of the Doric order, surmounted by an entablature, but the space between the columns has now been filled in and another story added.
On the first floor the bedrooms, most of which are panelled, are entered from a large panelled gallery, and appear to have been little altered, many still retaining their 18th-century grates.
The elevations are refined and dignified. The entrance in the centre of the south front is approached by a short flight of stone steps having a simple wroughtiron balustrade, and stands between wooden columns of the Corinthian order supporting an entablature and triangular pediment.
The east entrance doorway has carved architraves and brackets and a curved pediment and, as with the front entrance doorway, is approached up a flight of stone steps, having a light iron balustrade. To the west of the house fronting on to West Street—the road to Wimbledon—is a brick building of a little later date, the original purpose of which is not quite apparent. It is now used as a preparatory school. Above the middle of this building rises a square tower having long semicircular-headed openings in each wall and pairs of right-angle buttresses at the corners, which stop at the springing of the arched openings and support stone vases, while it is crowned by a parapet of fanciful design having stone pinnacles at the angles.
Between the building and the house is a large pond with a stone garden-house at its south end. The wrought-iron entrance gates to the grounds are of good 18th-century design and stand between stone piers supporting the crest of the Fellowes. Worked into a monogram in the upper part of the gates are the initials J. Formerly Carshalton was described as being famous for walnuts and trout.
The river has given Carshalton some industrial importance and from early times there have been mills in the parish. There was one in , mentioned in the Domesday Survey of the manor.
There is also record of a mill at Carshalton early in the reign of John. Robert de Beseville at that date appears to have held half of 3 carucates of land and a mill there, and William de Flanders and Maud de Colville Couel his wife held the other moiety with the capital messuage of the same. Mary Overy of whom it was held in They amounted to 6 s.
His heir was his brother Epaphroditus, who died in and whose son John Wood was born the February following his death. William Burton, fn.
Radcliffe see above , founder of the Radcliffe Library and Observatory at Oxford, who during his residence at Carshalton made himself exceedingly unpopular with many patients by his candid speeches about their disorders. He had been physician to the Princess Anne but had been dismissed for this reason.
He refused to stir from Carshalton, where he was suffering from an attack of gout, when recalled to attend her during her last illness, and was violently attacked by the Tory and Jacobite parties, to whom the prolongation of her life was extremely important.
He was himself a Tory M. It is said that threatening letters that he received after the queen's death, on account of this, helped to hasten his own end.
There were also powder mills at Carshalton in the 17th century owned by a Mr. Carshalton was held in the time of King Edward the Confessor by five freemen as five manors. In it was held as one manor by Geoffrey de Mandeville, fn. Geoffrey de Boulogne, the undertenant of , was grandfather of Faramus de Boulogne, whose daughter Sibyl married Ingelram de Fiennes.
Nicholas Carew received a grant of free warren in Carshalton in fn. On the death of this last Nicholas his uncle James Carew took his estates held in tail-male, but his sister Senchia, fn.
John, and her son by her first marriage, John St. John, was her heir. John, widow, suffered a recovery, the uses of which were to her for life, with remainder to her son John St. John St. John who was of Lydiard Tregoze, co. The moiety then descended to his eldest surviving son John Hoskins.
As to the other moiety Richard Burton died possessed of it in , when it passed to his son Henry Burton, then aged twelve years. He had no children and died in , leaving his property to his nephew Thomas Scawen. In the same year the manor and park were sold to George Taylor, fn.
John F. Taylor, J. Argent a cheveron gules between three griffons' heads razed sable, the two in the chief face to face. Mascalls q. Thomas Scawen, who succeeded in , projected the building of a large house in Carshalton Park. The design was published in the Architecture of Leo Baptista Alberti in An inclosing wall two miles in length was built round the park, and the great gates of hammered iron, bearing the initials of Thomas Scawen, were very fine.
They have now been removed. The figures of Diana and Actaeon on the gate-posts may have been originally brought from Nonsuch, where similar figures existed. The property is now in the hands of a building company. The house designed by Alberti was never built. Another part of the Domesday fee of Geoffrey de Mandeville was held at the end of the 12th century and later by the family of Colville. He being a minor at his father's death had been in wardship, first of his grandfather and then of John de Gatesden, to whom his uncle Ralph de Coleville had conveyed the premises in question.
The jury, however, decided against Gilbert on the grounds that as Ralph de Coleville had conveyed half of his nephew's lands to John de Gatesden the other half Gatesden had annexed , the disseisin had been made by Ralph and not by John de Gatesden.
The arable land exceeds the pasture in a proportion of seven to one. The soil is various; in some parts loam, but chiefly chalk or clay, of which the former predominates. Carshalton pays the sum of l. The river Wandle passes through the parish, and being increased by other streams and several springs which rise there, forms a large sheet of remarkably clear water, in the centre of the village, which gives it a singular, and in the summer a very pleasing appearance.
Carshalton is celebrated by Fuller, for trout and walnuts fn. On the banks of the Wandle are established several manufactories; the principal of which are, two paper-mills, occupied by Mr. Curtis and Mr. Patch: Mr. Savignac's mills for preparing leather and parchment: Mr.
Filby's mills for grinding logwood: Mr. Shipley's oil-mills, which were burnt down in , and rebuilt: Mr. Ansell's snuff-mills, and the bleaching grounds of Mr. Reynolds and Mr. At these manufactories an extensive trade is carried on; but their nature is not such as to employ a great number of hands. Before the Conquest, there were five manors in Carshalton which were held of the Consessor by five freemen, who, as the record expresses it, could go where they pleased; no inconsiderable privilege in the feudal times.
They were afterwards united into one manor, which was held by Godfrey de Manneville; but the record of Doomsday suggests, that he was never lawfully seized of it. About the middle of the 12th century the manor belonged to Faramusus de Bolonia, and was the inheritance of his daughter Sibella, who married Ingram de Fiennes.
There is a charter of Richard I. It afterwards belonged to Sir William Ambesus fn. In the reign of Edw. Nicholas de Carru held it of Guy de Bryene, by an annual rent of 10 marks, which was afterwards purchased'. I find that in the reign of Edw. How it passed from the Carews to that family, does not appear; but I have reason to suppose, that it was by intermarriage. In the reign of Hen. John, was granted to Sir Richard Carew fn.
In the reign of Queen Elizabeth it was divided into two parts fn. One moiety was alienated to the Burtons, 32 Eliz. Sir Henry Burton, K. From him it passed by inheritance to the Shorts, and was purchased of that family by Sir Wm. Scawen, Knt. James Scawen, Esquire, his great nephew, sold it to George Taylor, Esquire, who is the present proprietor. The other moiety passed from the St. Johns to the family of Cole; and from them, 18 Jac. By the trustees of Henry Earl of Arundel, who died in , it was sold in to Edmund Hoskins, afterwards knt.
The manor-house is situated within a park not far from the church, on the right hand of the road to Beddington. About the year , Thomas Scawen, Esq. James Leoni, who was to have been the architect, published eight plates of the plans and elevations of this intended mansion; they were engraved by Picart, and are annexed to Leoni's edition of Alberti's Architecture fn.
After the death of John Scott, it was divided into five severalties, and it continued to be described in the court rolls as the manor of Kynnersley. As it is not now known, it would be scarcely possible to trace the alienations of these severalties. By a court roll of , it appears that some of them were then in the possession of Robert Drewe and Robert Duck; and that Cecilia Sollars, widow, only sister and heir of Henry, son of the above Robert Duck, claimed two fifths of it, as her inheritance fn.
The manor of Stone-Court, alias Gaynesford's-place, belonged formerly to the family from whom it takes its name, and was in their possession in the reign of Philip and Mary fn.
It was sold in fn. The manor-house is situated near the sheet of water above described, to the north of the church. It was rebuilt by Mr. Cater about In the hall is an ancient chimney-piece, said to have been brought from the palace of Nonsuch. A record in the tower, being a release of the manor of Kersalton by Isabel Greene to John Holt, temp.
Bartholomew Baron Burgherst possessed lands in this parish fn. Sir Thomas Copley, Knt. Carshalton is 6 miles north-west of Warlingham. Carshalton is 7 miles north-west of Caterham. Carshalton is 9 miles north of Redhill. Carshalton is 9 miles north-east of Leatherhead. Carshalton is 9 miles east of Esher. Carshalton is 9 miles north of Reigate. Carshalton is 10 miles north-west of Oxted. Carshalton is 9 miles south of City of Westminster. Carshalton is 10 miles south of London.
Carshalton is 11 miles south of City of London. Carshalton is 28 miles south of St Albans. Carshalton is 37 miles north of Brighton and Hove. Carshalton is 37 miles south-west of Chelmsford. Carshalton is 45 miles north-east of Chichester. Carshalton is 54 miles west of Canterbury.
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